Half of a credential pair used for authentication. The other half is the password. Usually synonymous with username.

Half of a credential pair used for authentication. The other half is the password. Usually synonymous with userID.

A valid credential successfully authenticates to the requested resource. Cred stuffers look for credentials valid at one resource because credential reuse is so common. Validity is the percentage measure of valid credentials. Most credential stuffing attacks achieve a validity rate of 1% or less.

Short for voice phishing. A type of phishing attack where scammers use phone calls (voice) to trick people into revealing sensitive information. Scammers may impersonate agents from the IRS, a bank, or a utility company with the goal of tricking the victim into wiring money or providing bank account details.